Charles Fredrick Worth was known as the father of couture. Others that followed are Fortuny, Lanvin, Chanel, Mainbocher, Schiaparelli, Balenciaga, and Dior. Designers from these houses include Yves Saint Laurent, Pierre Cardin, André Courrèges, Ted Lapidus, and Emanuel Ungaro. More recently names like LaCroix, Jean Paul Gaultier, and Tierry Mugler were known for their couture but ceased the practice due to the extreme expense.